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机器视觉控制器的技术

机器视觉控制器是用于数据处理和结果输出的分析单元。由于采用了坚固耐用且无风扇的外壳，因此可用于各种工业环境。 
Operating Principle
Structure and Components
Interfaces
2D 图像处理系统
Einsatzmöglichkeiten

What Is a Ma­chi­ne Vi­sion Con­tro­ller?

Ma­chi­ne vi­sion con­tro­llers are com­pu­ters used in de­man­ding and in­dus­trial en­vi­ron­ments. Un­li­ke tra­di­tio­nal of­fi­ce com­pu­ters, ma­chi­ne vi­sion con­tro­llers offer high up­ti­me, fail-​safe con­ti­nuous mode, higher IP ra­tings, ro­bust­ness against vi­bra­tion, dust, or ex­ten­ded ope­ra­ting tem­pe­ra­tu­re ran­ges. Ap­pli­ca­tions in­clu­de pro­duc­tion fa­ci­li­ties in a wide range of in­dus­tries such as au­to­mo­ti­ve, metal, lo­gis­tics, food, phar­ma­ceu­ti­cals and energy.



The Dif­fe­ren­ce Bet­ween Ma­chi­ne Vi­sion Con­tro­llers and Smart De­vi­ces

Ma­chi­ne Vi­sion Con­tro­llers

  • Sui­ta­ble for ap­pli­ca­tions where mul­ti­ple ca­me­ras or pro­fi­le sen­sors are re­qui­red for eva­lua­tion

  • Shor­ter pro­cess times due to higher com­pu­ting power

  • Image and pro­fi­le eva­lua­tion takes place on the con­tro­ller

  • Sui­ta­ble for very high re­so­lu­tion ins­pec­tion tasks 


Smart De­vi­ces

  • Sui­ta­ble for ap­pli­ca­tions where only one ca­me­ra or pro­fi­le sen­sor is re­qui­red for eva­lua­tion

  • Image and pro­fi­le eva­lua­tion takes place on pre-​installed soft­wa­re in the ca­me­ra or in the pro­fi­le sen­sor

  • Re­sult out­put via in­te­gra­ted in­ter­fa­ces

  • No ad­di­tio­nal ma­chi­ne vi­sion con­tro­llers re­qui­red





 

Struc­tu­re and Com­po­nents of a Ma­chi­ne Vi­sion Con­tro­ller

CPU (Pro­ces­sor)

The CPU is the heart of the ma­chi­ne vi­sion con­tro­ller and pro­vi­des the com­pu­ting power. The ap­pro­pria­te pro­ces­sor is se­lec­ted de­pen­ding on the ap­pli­ca­tion. wen­glor’s ma­chi­ne vi­sion con­tro­llers have po­wer­ful i7 pro­ces­sors.

Main­board

All com­po­nents re­qui­red for the ope­ra­tion of an in­dus­trial PC are ins­ta­lled on the main­board. This in­clu­des the pro­ces­sor, the RAM, the mass sto­ra­ge, the chip­set, the graphics, as well as mo­du­les for in­ter­fa­ces and other es­sen­tial com­po­nents.

Me­mory (RAM and Hard Disk)

The RAM (Ran­dom Ac­cess Me­mory) sto­res the data the pro­ces­sor needs for fast and short-​term pro­ces­sing. The RAM can be com­pa­red with the dis­pla­ce­ment of a com­bus­tion en­gi­ne: A suf­fi­ciently large RAM allows the pro­ces­sor to un­fold its full power.

In­ter­fa­ces

The con­tro­llers have some in­ter­fa­ces to com­mu­ni­ca­te with the ca­me­ras and other de­vi­ces, in­clu­ding 
  • RTE 
    • PRO­FI­NET
    • Ether­net IP
    • Ether­CAT
  • Ether­net TCP/IP
  • UDP
  • Di­gi­tal I/O
  • SFTP

Co­oling Sys­tem

Many in­dus­trial PCs are ins­ta­lled in pla­ces where it is hot, such as foun­dries. For this reason, the co­oling sys­tem must be ef­fi­cient to keep tem­pe­ra­tu­res under con­trol. A dis­tin­ction is made bet­ween pas­si­ve and ac­ti­ve co­oling. 

Graphics Card

De­pen­ding on the ap­pli­ca­tion, a graphics card may be re­qui­red in the ma­chi­ne vi­sion con­tro­llers. A graphics card in an in­dus­trial PC plays an im­por­tant role in the pro­ces­sing and pre­sen­ta­tion of data. 

The Dif­fe­ren­ces Bet­ween the In­ter­fa­ces

Ether­net TCP/IP

Ether­net TCP/IP stands for “Trans­mis­sion Con­trol Pro­to­col/In­ter­net Pro­to­col” and is a data trans­mis­sion pro­to­col that makes it pos­si­ble to re­liably ad­dress data bro­ken down into pac­kets and trans­fer them to the subs­cri­ber de­vi­ces con­nec­ted to the net­work. It en­su­res that every data pac­ket arri­ves. If this is not the case, it is sent again. 

UDP

UDP (User Da­ta­gram Pro­to­col) is a net­work pro­to­col that enables the wi­re­less trans­mis­sion of data in IP-​based com­pu­ter net­works. Con­nec­tion­less means that the data is sent without mu­tual authen­ti­ca­tion bet­ween the emit­ter and re­cei­ver. UDP fo­cu­ses on speed. 

SFTP

SFTP (Se­cu­re File Trans­fer Pro­to­col) is a file trans­fer pro­to­col for IP-​based net­works that is used for encry­pted data trans­fer. Ty­pi­cally, data is uploa­ded from the client to the ser­ver and down­loa­ded from the ser­ver to the client. 

DIO（数字输入 / 输出端）

DIO（Di­gi­tal Input/Out­put，即数字输入 / 输出端）将来自传感器或摄像头等装置的数字信号高效且直接传输至其他控制器 (PLC)。例如通过数字输入端触发图像拍摄的脉冲序列。同时可通过数字输出端触发照明。 

RTE（实时以太网）

RTE（Real-​Time Ether­net，即实时以太网）是一种基于 IP 协议的实时以太网环境，其主要用于将分布式外围设备连接至控制器的自动化技术。其中主要包括 PRO­FI­NET、以太网 IP、Ether­CAT。在工厂自动化中，实时指的是个位数毫秒范围内的循环时间。

灵活使用机器视觉控制器

机器视觉控制器是图像处理系统的组成部分。除了机器视觉控制器之外，一套完整的图像处理系统还包括由 wen­glor 提供的以下组件：

Beleuchtungstechnik

Objektive

Objektivfilter

uniVision 图像处理软件

2D/3D 轮廓传感器

Machine Vision Cameras

Beleuchtungstechnik

Objektive

Objektivfilter

uniVision 图像处理软件

2D/3D 轮廓传感器

Machine Vision Cameras

Wie er­folgt die Aus­wer­tung der Ma­chi­ne Vi­sion Ca­me­ra über einen Con­tro­ller?

Da­te­nauf­nah­me: Bil­dauf­nah­me durch Ka­me­ra 
Da­ten­ve­rar­bei­tung: Aus­wer­tung der Bil­dauf­nah­men durch die Soft­wa­re
Datenübertragung: Ergebnisübertragung über Sch­nit­ts­te­lle an übergeordnete Steue­rung

Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Ma­chi­ne Vi­sion Con­tro­llern

Ma­chi­ne Vi­sion Con­tro­ller mit Ma­chi­ne Vi­sion Ca­me­ras

Bei der Mo­to­ren­fer­ti­gung in der Au­to­mo­bi­l­in­dus­trie muss am Ende jeder Fer­ti­gungss­trec­ke eine vi­sue­lle, vo­llau­to­ma­tis­che „End of Line“-​Qualitätskontrolle durchgeführt wer­den. So wird verhin­dert, dass feh­lerhaf­te Mo­to­ren das Band ver­las­sen.



 

Ma­chi­ne Vi­sion Con­tro­ller mit 2D-/3D-​Profilsensoren

Bei der Hers­te­llung von Bands­tahl muss die exak­te Brei­te des Ban­des si­cher­ges­tellt wer­den. Um diese Mes­sung mi­kro­me­ter­ge­nau durchzuführen, wer­den meh­re­re 2D-/3D-​Profilsensoren in einer Linie über dem Stahl­band ins­ta­lliert.



 
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